February Solar Challenge

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February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

This month lets look carefully at large active regions in hydrogen alpha.

I was first brought to the attention of magnetic bipolar regions (MBR) by Kevin Kilburn from the Manchester Astronomical Society. He had done a small study and published it in the BAA Journal in 2017 https://britastro.org/journal_item/10336

What you have to look for is the large area of magnetic disturbance in the mottles surrounding the sunspots. These equate to the region of magnetic polarity. Sometimes it is easier to see it when slightly off band. The mottles follow the field lines and look like flower petals. The magnetic influence is larger surrounding some spots than others.

I've enclosed a couple of images from Eric Roel (I hope he doesn't mind) and SDO HMI Magnetogram to describe what I mean.
From memory I think White is North and South is black.
BMR version 2.jpg
BMR version 2.jpg (726.15 KiB) Viewed 1596 times
latest_4096_HMIBpfss crop.jpg
latest_4096_HMIBpfss crop.jpg (386.73 KiB) Viewed 1596 times
Something to observe, sketch and image and above all, to think about and not overlook.

Alexandra


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by marktownley »

Good idea!


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by nicspenceryork »

Love these monthly challenges as I learn so much from seeing the posts and discussion, thank you… hoping the clouds clear (don’t we all!) and I can join in too!


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by eroel »

Alexandra:
Very good idea, BTW thank you for using one of my images, if they help please use them whenever you need.
Best regards,
Eric.


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by torsinadoc »

I really enjoy following these challenges. Thanks for posting these


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DanielD »

Great to learn something new! So are these bipolar magnetic regions always present round sunspots, as long as you seee the disturbed mottles that follow the magnetic field?


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Carbon60 »

Good challenge, Alexandra.

It’s also interesting to note that the magnetic polarity of the leading sunspot is opposite between northern and southern hemispheres

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

Daniel, I think you will only see a large disturbance in the mottles if there is a strong magnetic field present to draw them all one way. Remember that a mottle follows a weak field line anyway but in the presence of a strong field (near a sunspot) they all orientate that way. In Halpha you can visually see the strength of the field around the sunspot gauging by the size of influence away from the sunspot.

I'm no expert in this though, but it gives you something to research further and take note of when out observing :)
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Alexandra,
I have mentioned the disturbed field of spicule mottles near active regions numerous times in my viewing of them. In addition to being easily imaged they can be seen visually as well. It is truly a good field of study since electro-magnetism largely drives the Sun coming in only in second to it's nuclear fusion process in the core. This is something I need to get into more and could help drive me to image more and to save more SDO HMI magnetogram images to my records.

Two questions

1. Can amateurs do magnetograms without relying on professional image data?
2. Where can we find magnetic maps showing the field lines on the sun and around active regions on any given day?

I have not been able to find any current field line charts/images/maps anywhere. Magnetograms from various sources are easy to find.

Thanks and good idea!

James


AR12940_GONGha+SDOHMImag_2-6-22.JPG
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by MapleRidge »

Hi all...

The field lines around the active regions have always fascinated me, and been trying to find a way to enhance them. I applied an Emboss filter to a couple of my Feb 5th images using Photoshop...does this count towards the challenge :?:
3x_OR130_2xDSII_AR2939-Embos.jpg
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3x_OR130_2xDSII_AR2940-Embos.jpg
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Brian,
I can certainly see a large patch of disturbance in both. And what appears to be a filament. Inverted images should show the magnetic induced disturbances very well also.

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by MapleRidge »

I was wondering if this filter is just adding a textured appearance to the original image, rather than outlining any magnetic field lines. It is still only a 2-D enhancement of the lines if any at all.

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Brian,
It does seem to show something there marking the positions of where the disturbed area should be. The textured look reminds me of the textured ceilings in some houses! :-)

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by MapleRidge »

James, LOL...I should take a pic of out living room ceiling :lol:

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

MapleRidge wrote: Mon Feb 07, 2022 1:22 am James, LOL...I should take a pic of out living room ceiling :lol:

Brian

:lol: :lol: :D


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

Brian, I really like how that turned out, it really emphasises the magnetic disturbance :hamster:

James, you are looking at exactly the right feature.
1. Yes, look at the Halpha mottles
2. To access the field lines use this site http://suntoday.lmsal.com/suntoday/?sun ... 2022-02-07

Use the HMI Magnetogram (obviously) and click on the PFSS to get the lines

Alexandra


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by MapleRidge »

Alexandra...

Good to know that it has some validity in tracing the magnetic field lines ;)

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Montana wrote: Mon Feb 07, 2022 12:04 pm Brian, I really like how that turned out, it really emphasises the magnetic disturbance :hamster:

James, you are looking at exactly the right feature.
1. Yes, look at the Halpha mottles
2. To access the field lines use this site http://suntoday.lmsal.com/suntoday/?sun ... 2022-02-07

Use the HMI Magnetogram (obviously) and click on the PFSS to get the lines

Alexandra

I have Imsal saved in my bookmarks and use it often. Somehow I overlooked this feature! :roll: Thank you Alexandra. I will find this useful especially when I start imaging more often where I can compare what my images show to the magnetogram. I can study this with GONG Ha images too but I had rather use my own.

Does anyone publish an image regularly of these field lines over an Ha image?

I am thinking about joining the BAA.

Thank You.

James


AR12940_SDOHMImag_lines_2-7-22.JPG
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

James, definitely join the BAA, submitting all your daily observations would be a fantastic resource for the future. You never know, in 200 years time someone could be using your data for research :)
Just make sure you say you found out about the BAA from Solarchat :)

Alexandra


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Will do Alexandra! It's certainly worth consideration. I do save all of my visual data along with images of my own and from others including some from SolarChat as well as from GONG and SDO.

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by daniele_bonfiglio »

Dear all,
this is my attempt for the challenge. The H-alpha image is mine, the magnetogram with field lines is from the link sent by Alexandra. Both are from the 2nd of February, but mine was taken several ours earlier than the magnetogram, and this is the reason for the mismatch in the Solar limb.
Alexandra, do you know if there is a way to select a given time for the images from "your" website?
Best, Daniele
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

That's terrific!!!! :hamster: :hamster: I see what you mean though in the fact the active region has moved closer to the limb.

I found that they only seem to produce one image per day with the field lines ;)
They also produce the PFSS data on the HMI Magnetogram on SDO https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/
Maybe it is possible to work out a data download at a time? I've never tried.
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by daniele_bonfiglio »

Dear Alexandra,
thank you very much for the suggestion about the SDO website. Indeed by browsing the archive it is possible to find quite a few images with PFSS data... I have found a couple of them for a time very close to my capture (just half an hour later). If I have time today, I will produce a new animation with a comparison of my image!
https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/br ... IBpfss.jpg (this is a standard magnetogram)
https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/br ... 71pfss.jpg (this one is wonderful with the 171 Angstrom image together with a color magnetogram and the field lines! it is actually possible to compare how the plasma emitting at 171 Angstrom follows field lines with field lines computed from the magnetogram!)


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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by daniele_bonfiglio »

And here it is!

Superposition of my H-alpha image with the composite SDO image https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/br ... 71pfss.jpg

The superposition is made with Photoshop putting the SDO image on the top layer, with the "lighten" blending option.

Best, Daniele
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by Montana »

That is absolutely fabulous :) :hamster: :hamster: :hamster:

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Daniele,
Very nice job!! What date are the two images used?

I have tried to no avail to find an ha image that shows the field lines.

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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by daniele_bonfiglio »

DeepSolar64 wrote: Fri Feb 18, 2022 2:47 pm Daniele,
Very nice job!! What date are the two images used?

I have tried to no avail to find an ha image that shows the field lines.

James
Dear James,
Thank you very much!
Indeed, I don't think there are ha images on the SDO website.
The image above is a composite I made with Photoshop of my ha image attached below and this one from the SDO: https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/br ... 71pfss.jpg
Best, Daniele
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by EGRAY_OBSERVATORY »

The SWPC SYNOPTIC MAP explain the magnetic regions as shown on https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/br ... 71pfss.jpg
as just submitted above

- = negative magnetic polarity regions within the dotted lines
+ = positive magnetic polarity regions within the dotted lines

Terry
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by EGRAY_OBSERVATORY »

SDO image of...
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DeepSolar64
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by DeepSolar64 »

Montana wrote: Fri Feb 18, 2022 2:08 pm That is absolutely fabulous :) :hamster: :hamster: :hamster:

Alexandra
I very much agree!!!


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Astro-Tech AT72EDII with Altair solar wedge
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Re: February Solar Challenge

Post by rigel123 »

That is great!


Warren

Lunt LS60T DS
Orion ED80T CF
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Lunt CaK BF1200
Lunt WL Wedge
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